本日配信のメルマガでは、2019年大学入試センター試験英語第６問を解説します。
【高校英語】過去問攻略！センター英語
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html■ 問題
第６問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(Ａ・Ｂ)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)～(6)はパラグラフ(段落)の番号を表している。
(1) From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through
a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places.
These now exist all around us, and their use is [imperative] for societies.
These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send
information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout
history, they have been important in our daily lives.
(2) Early routes were often formed naturally on land. They gradually
developed over long periods of time while people traveled them on foot or
horseback. A significant turning point in their history arrived when the
first wheeled carts appeared in ancient times. Once this happened, people
recognized the importance of well-maintained routes. Therefore, towns,
cities, and entire countries improved them in order to prosper. As a
result, life become more convenient, communities grew, economies evolved,
and cultures expanded. The importance of land routes increased further,
especially after the appearance of automobiles.
(3) People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have
served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things. For
instance, in the old Japanese city of Edo, water routes were used for the
transportation of agricultural products, seafood, and wood, which supported
the city's life and economy. People have also opened routes across the sea.
The seaways, which developed based on winds, waves, water depths, and
coastline geography, were critical for the navigation of ships,
particularly in the days when they moved mainly by wind power. Using these
sea routes, people could travel great distance and go to places they had
not previously been able to reach. A number of important sea routes
emerged, leading to the exchange of natural resources, products and idea.
This, in turn, helped cities and towns thrive.
(4) People have gone on to open routes in the sky as well. Since the
invention of the airplane, these routes have made it possible for people
to travel long distances easily. They found the best routes by considering
conditions such as winds and air currents. Eventually, people became able
to travel safely and comfortably high in the sky, and going vast distances
only took a small amount of time. In fact, people used to need more than
one month to travel to Europe from Japan by ship, whereas today they can
travel between them in a single day by airplane. Owing to the establishment
of these sky routes, a great number of people now travel around the world
for sightseeing, visiting friends, and doing business.
(5) Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet, which specializes in
the electronic exchange of information. By using this worldwide route,
people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from
books and face-to-face communication. They can also instantly send messages
to large numbers of people all at once. According to one study, more than
3.5 billion people, which is about half of the global population, have
access to this electronic route today. As technology advances, more and
more people will take advantage of this route to gather information and
communicate.
(6) As long as there have been people, there have been routes to connect
them. These have contributed not only to the movement of people, things,
and information, but also to the development of our communities, economies,
and cultures. Routes have played significant roles in the development and
prosperity of humankind. Currently unknown routes will surely take us even
further in the future.
Ａ 次の問い(問１～５)の[ 46 ]～[ 50 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、
それぞれ下の{1}～{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
問１ Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined
word [imperative] in paragraph (1)? [ 46 ]
{1} accidental
{2} essential
{3} industrial
{4} traditional
問２ According to paragraph (2), which of the following statements is
true? [ 47 ]
{1} Early routes were created by people who traveled by wheeled carts.
{2} People's first routes on land followed the growth of towns and cities.
{3} The development of land routes led to progress in many areas of society.
{4} The improvement of routes resulted in the invention of the automobile.
問３ Why is the example of Edo introduced in paragraph (3)? [ 48 ]
{1} To describe the difficulty of creating routes on the water
{2} To emphasize the fact that it was an important city
{3} To explain the use of water routes to move along the coastlines
{4} To illustrate the important roles of water routes for cities
問４ What does paragraph (5) tell us about routes? [ 49 ]
{1} Routes can be thought of as existing invisibly in the world.
{2} Routs that move information can be regarded as dangerous.
{3} The fundamental functions of routes are declining.
{4} The importance of different kinds of routes is the same.
問５ What is the main point of this article? [ 50 ]
{1} Humankind first created various types of convenient routs on land.
{2} Improvements in transportation have come at great cost.
{3} Technology has interfered with opening up routes around the world.
{4} The advancement of humanity was aided by the development of routes.
※マーク部分の□は[ ]で、マル１は{1}で表記しています。
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■ 解答・解説
2019年も、第６問は長文読解でした。
まずはスラッシュリーディングで本文の内容を確認してみましょう！
(1) From quiet paths / by a stream / in a forest / to busy roads
/ running through a city, / people have created / various forms / of routes
/ in different places.
静かな小道から / 小川のそばの / 森の中の / 交通量の多い道への
/ 都市を通り抜ける / 人々は創造してきた / 様々な形を / 道の
/ 様々な場所で
These now exist / all around us, / and / their use is
/ [imperative] / for societies.
これらは今存在している / 私たちの周り中に / そして / その利用は
/ [imperative]である / 社会にとって
These routes / have enabled people / to move, / transport things,
/ and / send information / from one place to another / quickly and safely.
これらの道は / 人々を可能にする / 動くことを / 物を運ぶことを
/ そして / 情報を送ることを / ある場所から別の場所へ / 素早く安全に
Throughout history, / they have been important / in our daily lives.
歴史上ずっと / それらは重要だった / 私たちの日常生活において
今回は「route」についての話のようです。
道についての基本的な情報を述べていますね。
ここで下線部[imperative]が出てきたので・・・
(以下略)
(有料版では、解説の続きや語句コーナー、解答一覧も掲載しています)
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■ 全文訳(基本的に直訳ですが、一部意訳しています)
(1) ある都市の中を走る交通量の多い道路へ続く、森の中の小川のそばの静かな
小道から、人々は様々な場所に、様々な形の道を作ってきました。これらは今…
続きは
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