本日配信のメルマガでは、2017年大学入試センター試験英語第４問Ａを解説します。
【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html■ 問題
第４問 次の問い(Ａ・Ｂ)に答えよ。
Ａ 次の文章はある説明文の一部である。この文章と図を読み、下の問い
(問１～４)の[ 35 ]～[ 38 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、それぞれ下の
{1}～{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
Physical activity in your childhood, such as playing sports and
exercising, can greatly benefit your health when you are older. Therefore,
it is important to promote physical activity in childhood for one's good
health. The schoolyard is one place where children and adolescents can be
encouraged to take part in physical activity. Thus, knowing how schoolyards
are used by students may give us some helpful ideas to promote their
physical activity.
A study was conducted at four schools in Denmark in order to investigate
how much different types of schoolyard areas were used and whether students
were active or passive in those areas. In the study, schoolyard areas were
classified and defined by their primary characteristics. Grass represented
playing fields and natural green lawn areas, often used for soccer, but
without any marked lines or goals. Multi-court referred to fenced areas on
various surfaces, like artificial grass and rubber, designed for tennis and
other such ball games. Natural represented areas with, for example, bushes
trees and natural stones. Playground represented areas with play equipment,
such as swings and slides on safe surfaces like sand. Solid Surface
described the areas with the hardest surfaces, like concrete. These areas
were identified by flat open spaces, often having numerous markings painted
for games and benches set in different places.
Using GPS devices and other instruments, the researchers measured the
lengths of time the students spent in the different schoolyard areas as
well as the degrees of their physical activity. Figure 1 displays the
average amounts of time spent per day in each area for All students and
those averages divided into Children (aged 12 and under) and Adolescents
(aged 13 and over). Solid Surface was clearly the area in which All
students spent most of their time, followed by Multi-court then Grass.
Natural and Playground showed similar averages for All students, with the
average for All students in Playground being just over two minutes.
http://www.a-ema.com/img/center20174a1.pngFigure 1. Average times spent in each area by All students, Children, and
Adolescents.
Furthermore, the study revealed differences between the average amounts of
time spent in schoolyards by Children and Adolescents. In comparison with
Adolescents, Children spent more time in all schoolyard areas except for
Natural areas. The greater amount of time spent by Children might be
explained by the fact that, according to the regulations at all four
schools, Children could not leave the schoolyard during lunch time, but
Adolescents could when they wanted to.
When looking at the degree of physical activity, researchers discovered
differences among the schoolyard areas. Students were most active in Grass
and Playground areas. On the other hand, students were quite passive in
Solid Surface areas, with Adolescents spending only 7% of their time there
being physically active.
The findings of this study show the importance of investigating the
potential of various environments and features in schoolyards. To promote
students' health, it is also beneficial to observe how varieties of games
Children and Adolescents play affect the length of time spent taking part
in physical activity. Let us now take a look at these relationships.
問１ According to the passage, what is the difference between Multi-court
and Solid Surface? [ 35 ]
{1} Unlike Multi-court, Solid Surface contains artificial grass for
younger students to play on.
{2} Unlike Multi-court, Solid Surface does not contain boundaries marked
for students' games.
{3} Unlike Solid Surface, Multi-court has a relatively soft surface made
of various materials.
{4} Unlike Solid Surface, Multi-court is not surrounded by anything, which
makes it easy to access.
問２ In Figure 1, which of the following do (A), (B), (C), and (D) refer
to? [ 36 ]
{1} (A) Grass (B) Multi-court (C) Natural (D) Playground
{2} (A) Grass (B) Multi-court (C) Playground (D) Natural
{3} (A) Multi-court (B) Grass (C) Natural (D) Playground
{4} (A) Multi-court (B) Grass (C) Playground (D) Natural
問３ The main purpose of this passage is to [ 37 ].
{1} discuss the benefits of being physically active at school in childhood
{2} give advice to increase the number of physically active adolescents
{3} introduce schools that encourage students to play on grassed areas
{4} show that types of schoolyards affect students' behavior there
問４ What topic is most likely to follow the last paragraph? [ 38 ]
{1} The benefits of studying various school environments for different
activities
{2} The connections between types of games and lengths of time being active
{3} The influence of the schoolyard environment on Adolescents' physical
activity
{4} The way schoolyard surfaces affect the time spent doing physical
activity
※マーク部分の□は[ ]で、マル１は{1}で表記しています。
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■ 解答・解説
2017年センター英語第４問Ａは、資料を見て説明文の内容に関して答える問題でした。
このタイプの問題は共通テストでも出題されました。語句は少しく感じるかも
知れませんが、英語が完璧に読み取れなくても、資料を読み取り、常識的に判断
すれば正解できる場合もあるので、諦めずに取り組むと良いと思います！
問１ According to the passage, what is the difference between Multi-court
and Solid Surface? [ 35 ]
文章によると、Multi-courtとSolid Surfaceの違いは何ですか？
本文では、第２段落に、それぞれの表面の特徴の説明があります。
Multi-courtは、
Multi-court referred to fenced areas on various surfaces, like artificial
grass and rubber, designed for tennis and other such ball games.
つまり、「人工芝やラバーなどの表面で、テニスなどの球技に適した・・・
(以下略)
(有料版では、解説の続きや解答一覧も掲載しています)
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=========================== お知らせ２ ===============================
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■ 全文訳(基本的に直訳です)
子供時代の身体的な活動、スポーツや運動をするなどは、歳を取ったときに、
自分の健康に大きく寄与する可能性があります。それゆえに、健康のために
子供時代に身体的な活動を奨励することが重要です。校庭は、子供や少年が身体的
(以下略)
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解説の続きは、本日21時配信予定の
【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈
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