【高校英語】過去問攻略！センター英語
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
■ 問題
第６問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(Ａ・Ｂ)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)～(6)はパラグラフ(段落)の番号を表している。
(1) History teaches us that technology and associated discoveries have
changed how we understand the world. Many technological devices provide
additional range and power to our natural capacities, such as our five
senses. Among these devices, many enable us to see things that we cannot
see with the naked eye. This change from invisible to visible has led to
tremendous growth in our comprehension of the world and has strongly
influenced our ways of thinking.
(2) In the 17th century, a scientist noticed that by holding two lenses
together in a certain way he could make an object appear larger. He used
this technique to construct the first simple telescope. Using these
[archaic] telescopes, early scientists were able to describe the surface
of the Moon in detail and to see that Jupiter had at least four such
satellites. Since that time, people have developed various devices that
expand our range of sight, thus revealing facts about the universe that
lies beyond the Earth. The telescope continues to offer us new views
concerning things beyond our immediate reach.
(3) Later, the microscope was developed using principles similar to the
telescope. The microscope allows us to study objects we normally cannot
see because they are too small. Looking through a microscope opened up an
entirely new world to scientists. Before the invention of the microscope,
they couldn't see the structures of human tissues or cells in plants and
animals. When they saw these things, they became aware that some things
that they had thought were whole and could not be divided, actually
consisted of smaller components. These were only visible with the
assistance of microscopes. Today, electron microscopes allow us to
investigate even smaller items, such as molecules. These advances have
altered our concepts regarding the composition of things in the world.
(4) The invention of the camera also made the invisible world visible. In
the world, everything is changing. Some things change faster than we can
see. The camera is a tool that gives us the power to freeze change at
different points in time. Series of pictures have revealed how birds move
in flight and athletes run. The camera can also help us see changes that
are so gradual that we usually don't notice them. For example, by
comparing photos of the same scene taken months or years apart, we can
gain insights into how societies change. There are many other ways besides
these in which the camera has changed our perceptions of the world.
(5) In the late 19th century, machines that used the newly discovered
X-rays revolutionized the way in which we looked at things. Rather than
seeing only the surface of an object, we gained the ability to look into
it or through it, bringing the inner elements of many things into our
range of view. This capability proved practical in the workplace, useful
in laboratories and museums, and instructive in universities. One of the
most important applications was in medicine. Doctors often had difficulty
diagnosing illnesses or finding problems inside the body. X-rays allowed
them to look into their patients, identify where there were problems, and
cure them. This use of X-rays brought new understandings and methods for
diagnosis and treatment.
(6) Different technological devices have made it possible to observe things
that we could not see with the naked eye. This has significantly altered
our understandings of the world around us. Each technological advance
changes us in unpredictable ways, and each discovery increases our
knowledge about the world. Just as the devices mentioned above have done,
new devices will continue to impact our lived and change our ways of
thinking in the future.
Ａ 次の問い(問１～５)の[ 46 ]～[ 50 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、
それぞれ下の{1}～{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
問１ Which of the following is closest to the meaning of [archaic] as
used in paragraph (2)? [ 46 ]
{1} advanced
{2} contemporary
{3} ordinary
{4} primitive
問２ According to paragraph (3), what did people learn by using
microscopes? [ 47 ]
{1} Cells were too small to be seen with microscopes.
{2} Materials were made up of smaller things.
{3} Moclcules were the smallest components.
{4} Sets of lenses decreased the size of items.
問３ According to paragraph (4), what do cameras enable us to do? [ 48 ]
{1} To capture moments in time accurately
{2} To compare rapid social changes
{3} To make invisible things move faster
{4} To predict what will happen
問４ According to paragraph (5), how are X-rays used? [ 49 ]
{1} To find the locations of problems in the body
{2} To improve visibility of objects' surfaces
{3} To learn when paintings were created
{4} To test the quality of chemical compounds
問５ What is the main idea of this passage? [ 50 ]
{1} Applications of two lenses can improve people's sight.
{2} Development of technology affects our ways of thinking.
{3} People need to be aware of the dangers of technology.
{4} Technology plays a vital role in changing our five senses.
Ｂ 次の表は、本文のパラグラフ(段落)の構成と内容を求めたものである。
[ 51 ]～[ 54 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の{1}～{4}のうちから一つ
ずつ選び、表を完成させよ。ただし、同じものを繰り返し選んではいけない。
| paragraph | Content |
| (1) | Introduction |
| (2) | [ 51 ] |
| (3) | [ 52 ] |
| (4) | [ 53 ] |
| (5) | [ 54 ] |
| (6) | Conclusion |
{1} Examining the interiors of things
{2} Exploring the universe of small things
{3} Looking instants during a series of changes
{4} The use of leses to look out into space
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=========================== お知らせ１ ===============================
茨城県水戸市の個別指導教室「ＡＥ個別学習室(えまじゅく)」は、茨城県東海村に
新教室をオープンします。
教室は、笠松運動公園近く国道６号沿いの「マルカワ食堂」の隣の建物です。
各年代の茨城県チャンピオンも在籍する卓球場を併設していて、広い駐車場が
あります。
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小学生の英語、中学受験、大学受験など、普通の塾では対応が難しいご依頼にも
対応可能です。
卓球教室の生徒も同時募集しています。
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■ 解答・解説
2018年も、第６問は長文読解でした。
高校生にとっては文章の難易度も高め、長さも長めだと思いますが、もちろん
高校レベルの語句や文法ばかりで書かれています。落ち着いて要点をしっかり
読み取ることが大切です。
長文問題では、実際の試験中に本文を全文訳する時間はないので、本文は内容を
理解してイメージをつかむ方針で読むことを勧めています。
そのぶん選択肢は正確に意味を取って誤解を防ぐとよいと思います。
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
問４ According to paragraph (5), how are X-rays used? [ 49 ]
パラグラフ(5)によると、Ｘ線はどのように使われますか？
{1} To find the locations of problems in the body
体の中の問題の場所を見つけるため
{2} To improve visibility of objects' surfaces
物体の表面の可視性を改善するため
{3} To learn when paintings were created
いつ絵画が創作されたか調べるため
{4} To test the quality of chemical compounds
化合物の品質を試験するため
Ｘ線といえば、普通はレントゲンに使われますね。
もしいわゆる普通の「レントゲン」なら当然１番が正解ですが、念のため、文中に
そのようなことが書かれているか意識しながら、本文を読んでいきましょう！
(5) In the late 19th century, / machines / that used
/ the newly discovered X-rays / revolutionized the way / in which
/ we looked at things.
19世紀の終わり頃 / 機械は / ～を使う
/ 新しく発見されたＸ線 / その方法を革新させた / それの中で
/ 物事を見る
Rather than / seeing / only the surface / of an object, / we gained
/ the ability / to look / into it / or through it, / bringing
/ the inner elements / of many things / into our range / of view.
～よりむしろ / 見ること / 表面だけを / 物体の / 私たちは得た
/ 能力を・・・
(有料版では、解説の続きや語句コーナー、解答一覧も掲載しています)
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
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=========================== お知らせ２ ===============================
センター英語、数学を解説するブログを始めました！
■ センター数学を理由の理由まで解説するブログ
http://centermath.seesaa.net/
■ センター英語をひとつひとつ解説するブログ
http://a-emaenglish.seesaa.net/
まずは2018年のセンター試験の問題を解説しています。
紙の書籍、電子書籍もご利用ください。
中学・高校の英語・数学の書籍を出版しています。
★江間淳(えまあつし)の書籍一覧 → http://amzn.to/2lnKZdS
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■ 全文訳(基本的に直訳ですが、一部意訳しています)
(5) 19世紀の終わり頃、新しく発見されたＸ線を使った機械は、私たちが物を見る
方法を激変させました。物体の表面だけを見るというよりも、内部を見たり・・・
(続きは http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html でご覧ください)
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■ 今回の高校レベルの単語・熟語など
(今回は省略します)
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解説の続きは、本日21時配信予定の
【高校英語】過去問攻略！センター英語
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
に掲載します！
文法セクションはもちろん、第６問の長文まで、翻訳も行っている著者が、
全文訳・語句までイメージ重視＆論理的に解説します。
月・水・土配信。\540/月。最初の１ヶ月は無料です。
または、http://pmana.jp/pc/pm588.html をご利用下さい。
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発行者 江間淳(EMA Atsushi)
mm@a-ema.com http://www.a-ema.com/k/ https://twitter.com/A_EMA_RYU
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ラベル：英語
