【高校英語】過去問攻略！センター英語
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
■ 問題
第６問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(Ａ・Ｂ)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)〜(6)は段落の番号を表している。
(1) A high school student has a science test on Monday but spends most of
the weekend playing video games and does not start studying until late
Sunday night. This kind of avoiding or delaying of work that needs to be
done is called procrastination. It has been estimated that up to 95% of
people procrastinate at least sometimes, and about 20% of them do it too
much. Traditionally, people who procrastinate have been considered lazy,
but research tells us that this is not true. Learning about the roots of
procrastination can help us understand why most people do it some extent
and also help us decrease our own procrastination. Although researchers do
not agree on all the reasons behind procrastination, there is general
agreement about some factors that can explain it.
(2) The first factor is how pleasant or unpleasant people find a task.
Research shows that people will put off tasks they find unpleasant. Many
high school students may delay cleaning their rooms or doing their
homework. However, many might not delay doing such tasks as responding to
friend's email. It is important to remember that whether or not a task is
pleasant depends on the individual. For example, someone who loves
bicycles might not delay fixing a punctured tire while someone who does
not may put if off.
(3) In addition to how people feel about the job at hand, the amount of
confidence they have in their ability to do a task is also related to
procrastination. For instance, those who have low expectations of success
are more likely to postpone starting a particular job. Conversely, those
who believe that they can perform well are more likely to take on
challenging tasks rather than avoid them. It should be noted, though, that
some counselors argue that too much confidence can also lead to
procrastination; some people overestimate how easily they can do a
particular task and start too late.
(4) Another factor is whether or not people can exercise self-control.
Those who have less self-control can easily be drawn away from their work.
Accepting an invitation to sing karaoke on a night when you planned to
start working on a presentation could be one example. Self-control, or
the ability to resist temptation and stick to a plan, is something many of
us struggle with. Interestingly, age is said to be associated with
self-control. Research shows that the older people become, the less likely
they are to delay doing their work until the last minute.
(5) Lastly, there is a link between procrastination and how long people
must wait before they see the reward for an effort. For instance, studying
hard in school might not give high school students any immediate rewards;
what they learn might not seem useful to the present. However, studying
can provide them with rewards in the future like the knowledge or skills
necessary to pursue their dreams. Sometimes, it is hard to see the benefit
of making an effort when the reward is too far away. This can explain why
many people do not start saving money for their old age when they are young.
(6) What are the roots of your procrastination? Because the behaviors
described here seem common to most people, you do not need to completely
change your habits if you only procrastinate once in a while. On the other
hand, if you feel that your procrastination is a problem, the first step
to reducing it is identifying the reasons behind it. Self-help books and
websites give numerous techniques for overcoming procrastination, but it
is only by understanding the roots of the problem that you can choose the
appropriate method for yourself.
Ａ 次の問い(問１〜５)の[ 46 ]〜[ 50 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、
それぞれ下の{1}〜{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
問１ According to paragraph (2), [ 46 ].
{1} people do not forget unpleasant tasks
{2} people who love bicycles learn to fix tires fast
{3} people will find different tasks pleasing
{4} people will not put off tasks to write emails
問２ Paragraph (3) implies that [ 47 ].
{1} people with low confidence in their ability will start a job earlier
{2} people with reasonable confidence in their ability procrastinate less
{3} people's confidence to do a task is not associated with procrastination
{4} some counselors overestimate the confidence of their clients
問３ According to (4), [ 48 ]
{1} older people tend to demonstrate more self-control
{2} people usually exercise self-control without struggle
{3} self-control is the eagerness to accept invitations
{4} younger people are willing to resist temptations
問４ Paragraph (5) argues that many people start saving for old age late
because [ 49 ].
{1} old age seems too distant in time
{2} the length of time to old age varies
{3} there are other things to worry about
{4} there will be little benefit
問５ The author's main argument is that [ 50 ]
{1} many people agree about the four explanations of procrastination
{2} people who procrastinate are no longer thought of as lazy
{3} procrastination has become problematic in our society
{4} we can manage our procrastination by understanding its sources.
Ｂ 次の表は、本文の段落と内容を表すものである。[ 51 ]〜[ 54 ]に入れるのに
最も適当なものを、下の{1}〜{4}のうちから一つずつ選び、表を完成させよ。
ただし、同じものを繰り返し選んではいけない。
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
｜Paragraph｜ Content ｜
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
｜ (1) ｜ [ 51 ] ｜
｜ (2) ｜ [ 52 ] ｜
｜ (3) ｜The belief in your abilities ｜
｜ (4) ｜The ability to keep to a task｜
｜ (5) ｜ [ 53 ] ｜
｜ (6) ｜ [ 54 ] ｜
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
{1} The appeal of a task
{2} The phenomenon of procrastination
{3} The timing of realizing future gains
{4} The way to deal with procrastination
※マーク部分の□は[ ]で、マル１は{1}で表記しています。
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=========================== お知らせ１ ===============================
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■ 解答・解説
2012年も第６問は長文問題でした。
やはり、概ね段落１つにつき設問が１つなので、設問で示された段落をしっかり
読めば、確実に正解できるはずです。
まずは設問の内容を確認しましょう！
問１ パラグラフ(2)によると、[ 46 ]。
{1}人々は不愉快な作業を忘れません
{2}自転車が大好きな人々は、タイヤを修理することを学ぶのが速いです
{3}人々は異なる仕事を楽しいと感じるでしょう
{4}人々はメールを書くという作業を延期しないでしょう
"whether or not a task is pleasant depends on the individual"とあり・・・
(以下略)
(有料版では、解説の続きや語句コーナー、解答一覧も掲載しています)
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
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=========================== お知らせ２ ===============================
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紙の書籍、電子書籍もご利用ください。
中学・高校の英語・数学の書籍を出版しています。
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■ 全文訳(基本的に直訳ですが、一部意訳しています)
(1) ある高校生は月曜日に理科のテストがあるのに、週末のほとんどをテレビ
ゲームをして過ごし、日曜の夜遅くになるまで勉強を始めません。この種の、する
必要がある仕事を避けたり後回しにしたりという行動をprocrastinationと呼び
ます。95%近くの人々が少なくとも時々procrastinateし、そしてそのうち約20%は…
(以下略)
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■ 今回の高校レベルの単語・熟語など
(1)
spend：時間やお金などを「費やす、浪費する」
avoid：ここでは"procrastinate"の類義語。「避ける、回避する」
delay：これもここでは"procrastinate"の類義語。「延期する、遅らせる」
procrastination：少し難しいが、ギリギリ大学入試レベルか。「延期、遅延」
estimate：統計などに基づいて予測すること。「推計する、推定する」
(以下略)
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解説の続きは、本日21時配信予定の
【高校英語】過去問攻略！センター英語
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
に掲載します！
文法セクションはもちろん、第６問の長文まで、翻訳も行っている著者が、
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月・水・土配信。\540/月。最初の１ヶ月は無料です。
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------------------------------------------------------------------------
発行者 江間淳(EMA Atsushi)
mm@a-ema.com http://www.a-ema.com/k/ https://twitter.com/A_EMA_RYU
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=========================== お知らせ３ ===============================
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【高校数学】読むだけでわかる！数学３の考え方
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★【高校英語】センター試験徹底トレーニング
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★【高校化学】読むだけでわかる！理論・無機・有機化学の考え方
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【中学５科】高校入試の重要ポイント
http://pmana.jp/pc/pm707.html
ラベル：英語
