【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
■ 問題
第６問 次の文章を読み、下の問い(Ａ・Ｂ)に答えよ。なお、文章の左にある
(1)～(6)はパラグラフ(段落)の番号を表している。
(1) Vending machines are so common in Japan that you can find one almost
anywhere you go. Some of these machines sell train or meal tickets, and
others sell snacks or drinks. They are especially useful for people who
want to get something quickly and conveniently.
(2) While vending machines are found throughout the country today, they
were not originally developed in Japan. It is generally believed that the
first one was constructed by a Greek mathematics teacher about 2,200 years
ago. This machine sold special water used in prayers at temples. People who
wanted to purchase the water put in a coin, which hit a metal lever
attached to a string. Then, the weight of the coin let a specific amount of
water pour out until the coin fell off. This ensured that people received
an equal portion of the special water.
(3) About 1,000 years ago, a vending machine that sold pencils was
developed in China. Later, in the 1700s, coin-operated tobacco boxes
appeared in English bars. When people wanted the product sold by one of
these boxes, they inserted a coin and turned a lever. The product then
dropped down for the customer to pick up. However, it was not until the
1880s that vending machines spread around the world. In 1883, an English
inventor created one that sold postcards and paper. This became popular,
and soon vending machines selling paper, stamps, and other goods appeared
in many countries. In 1904, vending machines came into service in Japan.
In 1926, technology had advanced and machines could be set to sell products
with different prices. After that, a wider variety of products were sold.
When this happened, the vending machine industry expand rapidly.
(4) The greatest problem faced by the global vending machine industry in
its expansion was not the use of coins; it was paper money. This was a
challenge as it proved easy for dishonest individuals to make money that
could fool machines. This forced the vending machine industry to establish
better detection methods and was one reason countries look steps to develop
money that was difficult to [counterfeit]. Now, vending machines have
become technologically advanced, not only to prevent problems with cash but
also to accept credit cards and more recent forms of electronic payment.
(5) It is in Japan that vending machines have become most popular.
Currently, Japan has more than 4.2 million vending machines, with about
55% of them selling beverages such as tea, coffee, and juice. One of the
main reasons Japan has become the vending machine capital of the world is
its overall level of safety. Unlike many places, where vending machines
must be monitored to prevent theft, they can be placed virtually anywhere
in Japan. This extraordinary degree of public safety is considered amazing
by visitors, as well as the range of products available. Tourists often
take pictures of machines that sell unexpected products like bananas, fresh
eggs, and bags of rice. It is understandable that visitors see them as one
aspect particular to Japanese culture.
(6) Given the popularity and usefulness of vending machines, it is unlikely
that they will disappear anytime in the near future. They provide a place
where various goods can be sold without the need for a sales clerk. The
next time you want to purchase a hot drink on a cold day, remember that,
in Japan at least, there is probably a vending machine just around the
next corner.
Ａ 次の問い(問１～５)の[ 46 ]～[ 50 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、
それぞれ下の{1}～{4}のうちから一つずつ選べ。
問１ According to paragraph (2), what was the first vending machine capable
of doing? [ 46 ]
{1} Allowing people to acquire a fixed amount of liquid from it
{2} Offering books of ancient Greek mathematical principles
{3} Permitting visitors to enter temples when they wanted to pray
{4} Providing a regular income to the person who created it
問２ According to paragraph (3), which of the following statements about
vending machines is true? [ 47 ]
{1} An English inventor's vending machine sold goods at various prices.
{2} Sales by vending machines increased when high value coins appeared.
{3} Vending machine technology was found in Asia many centuries ago.
{4} Vending machines were common in the world by 18th century.
問３ Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined
word [counterfeit] in paragraph (4)? [ 48 ]
{1} accept illegal exchanges
{2} create unauthorized imitations
{3} restrict unapproved technology
{4} withdraw unnecessary support
問４ According to paragraph (5), what is true about vending machines in
Japan? [ 49 ]
{1} Foreign tourists hesitate to make purchases from them.
{2} Over there quarters of them sell a variety of drinks.
{3} The highly safe products sold in them attract customers.
{4} The variety of items makes them unique in the world.
問５ What would be the best title for this passage? [ 50 ]
{1} The Cultural Benefits of Vending Machines in Japanese Society
{2} The Development of Vending Machines From Historical Perspectives
{3} The Economic Impact of Vending Machines by International Comparison
{4} The Globalization of Vending Machines Through Modern Technology
Ｂ 次の表は、本文のパラグラフ(段落)の構成と内容を求めたものである。
[ 51 ]～[ 54 ]に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の{1}～{4}のうちから一つ
ずつ選び、表を完成させよ。ただし、同じものを繰り返し選んではいけない。
| Paragraph | Content |
| (1) | Introduction |
| (2) | [ 51 ] |
| (3) | [ 52 ] |
| (4) | [ 53 ] |
| (5) | [ 54 ] |
| (6) | Conclusion |
{1} A certain factor that has allowed vending machines to exist widely in
one country
{2} Creation of one vending machine and a description of how the device
was used
{3} Difficulties in building vending machines after introducing a different
form of money
{4} Types of vending machine goods sold at different locations in the past
※マーク部分の□は[ ]で、マル１は{1}で表記しています。
まずはわかる範囲でどんどん解いてみてください。自分なりの考えを持ちながら
解説を読むと、考え方をスムーズに習得でき、短期間でも大幅に実力アップ！
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■ 解答・解説
長文問題は、問いの内容を把握してから、それに関する部分が出てくるまで本文を
読み、問いに関わる内容が登場したら、その問いに答える。という方針でやって
いくと解きやすい場合が多いです。
というわけで、まずは問１の内容を確認してみましょう！
問１ According to paragraph (2), / what was / the first vending machine
/ capable / of doing? [ 46 ]
パラグラフ(2)によると / 何が～であるか？ / 最初の自動販売機は
/ 可能である / することが
つまり、
「パラグラフ(2)によると、最初の自動販売機は何をすることができたか？」
ですね。
選択肢は
{1} Allowing people / to acquire / a fixed amount / of liquid / from it.
人々に可能にする / 獲得することを / 調整された量を / 液体の / それから
{2} Offering books / of ancient Greek mathematical principles
(以下略)
(有料版では、解説の続きや解答一覧も掲載しています)
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
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■ 全文訳(基本的に直訳です)
(1) 自動販売機は日本ではほとんどどこに行っても見つけることができるくらい
一般的です。これらの機械には、電車や食事の券を売るものもあるし、おやつや
飲み物を売るものもあります。それらは何かを素早く便利に得たい人々にとって
(以下略)
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解説の続きは、本日21時配信予定の
【高校英語】共通テストの英文解釈
http://www.mag2.com/m/0001641009.html
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